ALLBRIGHT TECHNOLOGIES: March 2022

Saturday, March 19, 2022

FM TRANSMITTER

FM TRANSMITTER

HI FRIENDS! Today we are going to learn how to build an FM transmitter using a few component in other to archive the transmitter, is about 50 meters ahead far

But before them we have to know what a transmitter ( TX ) is all about...

A transmitter is an electronics device that transmit electric to a radio signal

Days back in school doing my research on how to build a equality and sound FM that can be able to transmit (TX) up to 50 meters

But unfortunate i couldn't be able to find any one suitable to my project for me to build with a low cost component.

Thank for today, here is a simple quality sound FM transmitter

DIRECTION ON HOW TO BUILD IT.

The LM386 is a low discretion Audio amplifier, were the gain is from 20-200. In this circuit is used to increase the the input audio so that the generator we be stabilize of the transmitter
The 2N2222 is an NPN Transistor which i used to amplifier the current in the generator.

The copper coil is gauge 22 to 24 wound up to 7 to 10 turns on a 3 inch nail. parallel it with non-polarize capacitor 22pf.

HOW TO TEST IT after building the FM transmitter you have to bring down an FM RADIO, and put it ON in other to search the match frequency of the fm transmitter also bring the fm transimtter MIC close to your mouth and be making a speech on the condencer MIC constantly ( no stooping ) and the same time be tuning the fm radio so it will match or Huck up with the same frequency with your transmitter

NOTE
If it doesnt catch then you have to adjust the inductor JUST a little bit since we are not using a variable inductor

COMPONENTS

LM 386 IC = 1
2N2222 = 1
10K =1
680K =1
CONDUCER MIC 1
ELECTROLYTIC CAPACITOR 10uF =2
PEPER CAP 22pF =2PCS
103 =1
102=1
SWITCH =1
9V BATTERY
ANTENNA =1
INDUCTOR
LED ANY OF YOUR COLOR
SWITCH

GOTO RADIO

Friday, March 18, 2022

AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH (ATS)

AUTOMATIC TRANSFER SWITCH (ATS)

Today we are going to discus about the Automatic Change Over switch also known as Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS). You might be wondering what is used for.....
ATS come in different sizes and Ampers, We can find it in the market today some are cheaper while some are expensive depending on the AMPs and the inner circuitry used by manufacturers, some are analogue while some are digital components.
In this project i will discus what you need to know about the digital Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) and give you an idea about the circuit diagram and the programming details.

An example is given below

what's an ATS?

An ATS is an electrical device that has the ability to transfer/switch supply automatically from the primary source(public mains) to the secondary (backup generator) or solar; in the event of a power outage and retransfers power to the primary source when power is restored. MCU does the automatic switching by monitoring both the public mains and the backups.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

PROGRAMMING:

Here we used the pic microcontroller to monitor the input (i/p) AC volt and control the relays, also the LCD helps to display what is actually happening inside microcontroller (MCU), it tells us when the voltage is normal and when is abnormal. When the protection switch is ON it means that the ATS is working with power surge protection guard it helps to protect the home appliances in other not to be damaged of high/low current.

But if the MCU sensed that the input voltage is higher than 250V or lower than 110V. Then it will switch OFF the output automatically but when the protection switch is OFF then ,the power surge is not protecting the home appliances, when the input voltage is high/low it will still be working and showing warning messages on LCD and at the same time the buzzer will be activated.

The buzzer has three different sound depending on the status of the ATS at that moment. For the generator switch relay, it will shut down the generator after 5sec. Once the MCU has sensed there is public main and then it transfer to the switch without any interruption of shutting down the generator if the public mains is higher/lower(as mentioned above) once is on the protection mode.

COMPONENTS: